{"id":73,"date":"2018-11-17T15:00:09","date_gmt":"2018-11-17T14:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/?page_id=73"},"modified":"2025-07-02T08:47:17","modified_gmt":"2025-07-02T06:47:17","slug":"observations-meteorologiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/index.php\/observations-meteorologiques\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;observation m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique \u00e0 La R\u00e9union et dans l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an Indien"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat d&rsquo;observer &#8211; A quoi sert une station m\u00e9t\u00e9o ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quel est l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat d&rsquo;observer le temps et de conserver des archives des \u00e9v\u00e8nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques, quels qu&rsquo;ils soient ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Une station m\u00e9t\u00e9o permet de mesurer instantan\u00e9ment les param\u00e8tres m\u00e9t\u00e9o tels que :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>la tem\u00e9rature<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;air<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la vitesse et la direction du vent<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la pluviom\u00e9trie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>le rayonnement solaire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la pression atmosph\u00e9rique<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ou m\u00eame des param\u00e8tres agrom\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques comme l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9 et la temp\u00e9rature du sol ou l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9 des feuilles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nos objectifs sont multiples :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mieux conna\u00eetre le climat de l&rsquo;\u00eele (records, topo-climats)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Observer l&rsquo;<strong>\u00e9volution du climat <\/strong>au fil des ann\u00e9es (et notamment mesurer les effets du r\u00e9chauffement climatique)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dans une certaine mesure, devenir un acteur de la <strong>s\u00e9curit\u00e9 civile<\/strong> sur le volet des <strong>risques naturels<\/strong> (vulgarisation, relais)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assouvir notre <strong>passion<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mce_21\">Le principe<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;observation m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique et la climatologie consistent \u00e0 observer et consigner les observations faites \u00e0 l&rsquo;aides d&rsquo;instruments automatiques ou des relev\u00e9s manuels sur diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9chelles de temps. La m\u00e9t\u00e9orologie ne prend pas de vacances, et il faut constamment relever et archiver des donn\u00e9es qui nous parviennent depuis toute l&rsquo;\u00eele de La R\u00e9union et de la r\u00e9gion Sud-Ouest de l&rsquo;Oc\u00e9an Indien.<\/p>\n<p>Ces observations sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9es par l&rsquo;association elle-m\u00eame (ses membres et ses outils) ou par des b\u00e9n\u00e9voles qui participent au r\u00e9seau M\u00e9t\u00e9oR-OI en mettant \u00e0 disposition leur mat\u00e9riel, leurs donn\u00e9es ou leurs observations personnelles.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moyens utilis\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;association dispose d&rsquo;un r\u00e9seau de stations m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et de certains points de mesures manuels effectu\u00e9s par des b\u00e9n\u00e9voles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plus d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/index.php\/observations-meteorologiques\/le-reseau-climatologique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">une quarantaine de postes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/index.php\/observations-meteorologiques\/la-detection-dorage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">r\u00e9seau de d\u00e9tection de foudre<\/a> qui se d\u00e9ploie progressivement (1 boltek, 4 blitzortung)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/index.php\/projets\/les-webcams-meteo-a-la-reunion-et-dans-locean-indien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">webcams m\u00e9t\u00e9o<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plus d&rsquo;une centaine d&rsquo;heures de b\u00e9n\u00e9volat (recherche de sites, installations physiques, t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, traitement des donn\u00e9es) tous les mois.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quel mat\u00e9riel installer ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nous installons exclusivement des stations <strong>Vantage Pro 2<\/strong> (VP2) de la marque Davis Instruments, qui sont tr\u00e8s robustes et fiables. Nous commandons les stations et des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es directement aux \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 des prix comp\u00e9titifs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De quoi est compos\u00e9e la station m\u00e9t\u00e9o ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur <\/strong>la station se compose de plusieurs capteurs. Les mesures sont envoy\u00e9es \u00e0 un r\u00e9cepteur \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur par ondes radio (868.0 &#8211; 868.6 MHz) avec une port\u00e9e maximale de 300 m. Selon la configuration, une transmission par c\u00e2ble est \u00e9galement possible.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur<\/strong> (par exemple dans le salon) un r\u00e9cepteur avec enregistreur de donn\u00e9es est connect\u00e9 \u00e0 un mini-ordinateur (type single board computer, SBC) pour envoyer les donn\u00e9es sur internet toutes les 5 minutes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Combien ca co\u00fbte ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les co\u00fbts varient selon le march\u00e9, les prix des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res et les options choisies. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, il faut compter entre 1000 et 1700\u20ac pour une station classique. Il est \u00e9galement possible d&rsquo;ajouter des capteurs sp\u00e9cifiques, par exemple, pour la mesure du rayonnement solaire et UV. Il existe \u00e9galement des capteurs agrom\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques (temp\u00e9rature et humidit\u00e9 du sol et du feuillage).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De quoi a-t-on besoin pour l&rsquo;installation ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L&rsquo;an\u00e9mom\u00e8tre (pour la mesure du vent) doit \u00eatre install\u00e9 le plus haut possible. Il peut \u00eatre \u00e9loign\u00e9 du bloc de mesure des autres param\u00e8tres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Moins il y a d&rsquo;obstacles aux alentours, plus la mesure des pr\u00e9cipitations et du vent est fiable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La console de r\u00e9ception consomme peu, mais elle a besoin d&rsquo;une alimentation \u00e9lectrique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 internet (c\u00e2ble, fibre, wifi, mobile, satellite) est recommand\u00e9 pour le transfert des donn\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Int\u00e9ress\u00e9(e) par l&rsquo;installation d&rsquo;une station m\u00e9t\u00e9o ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9t\u00e9oR-OI vous conseille volontiers et vous aide \u00e0 choisir, commander et installer votre station m\u00e9t\u00e9o. Aidez-nous \u00e0 \u00e9valuer votre projet en remplissant <a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/jhduZGRxozc5jJ4S6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>ce formulaire en ligne<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat d&rsquo;observer &#8211; A quoi sert une station m\u00e9t\u00e9o ? Quel est l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat d&rsquo;observer le temps et de conserver des archives des \u00e9v\u00e8nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques, quels qu&rsquo;ils soient ? Une station m\u00e9t\u00e9o permet de mesurer instantan\u00e9ment les param\u00e8tres m\u00e9t\u00e9o tels que : Nos objectifs sont multiples : Le principe L&rsquo;observation m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique et la climatologie consistent \u00e0&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meteor-oi.re\/index.php\/observations-meteorologiques\/\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-with-right-sidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-73","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Observation m\u00e9t\u00e9o \u00e0 La R\u00e9union et dans l&#039;oc\u00e9an Indien<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Observation m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique \u00e0 La R\u00e9union : stations m\u00e9t\u00e9o, d\u00e9tection d\u2019orages, webcams et r\u00e9seau citoyen. 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